| 气管炎 | qì guǎn yán | bacterial tracheitis (inflammation of the windpipe, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus) / henpecked (a pun on 妻子管得嚴|妻子管得严[qi1 zi5 guan3 de5 yan2] used in comic theater) |  |
| 菌落 | jūn luò | bacterial colony / microbial colony | |
| 病原菌 | bìng yuán jūn | a pathogen / a bacterial pathogen |  |
| 二分裂 | èr fēn liè | binary division (in bacterial reproduction) | |
| 内酰胺酶 | nèi xiān àn méi | beta-lactamase (a bacterial inhibitor) | |
| 喹諾酮 | kuí nuò tóng | quinolone (a hydroxylated quinoline, inhibiting the replication of bacterial DNA) | |
| 牙菌斑 | yá jūn bān | dental bacterial plaque | |
| 细菌群 | xì jūn qún | bacterial community (e.g. in the gut) | |
| 菌肥 | jūn féi | bacterial manure | |
| 喹诺酮 | kuí nuò tóng | quinolone (a hydroxylated quinoline, inhibiting the replication of bacterial DNA) | |
| 细菌培养物质 | | bacterial culture material | |
| 白叶枯病 | bái yè kū bìng | bacterial blight / bacterial wilt | |
