wǔ kǒu tōng shāng

Translation

  • the five treaty ports forced on Qing China by the 1842 treaty of Nanjing 南京條約|南京条约
  • that concluded the First Opium War, namely: Guangzhou 廣州|广州, Fuzhou 福州, Ningbo 寧波|宁波, Xiamen or Amoy 廈門|厦门
  • and Shanghai 上海
Chinese Tones