Confucian school, founded by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] (551-479 BC) and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] (c. 372-c. 289 BC)
论语
Lún yǔ
The Analects of Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
孟子
Mèng zǐ
Mencius (c. 372-c. 289 BC), Confucian philosopher second only to Confucius / book of the same name, one of the classics of Confucianism
诸子
zhū zǐ
various sages / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others
子路
Zǐ Lù
Zi Lu (542-480 BC), disciple of Confucius 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3], also known as Ji Lu 季路[Ji4 Lu4]
鲁国
Lǔ guó
Lu, vassal state at the time of the Zhou Dynasty 周朝|周朝[Zhou1 chao2], located in the southwest of present-day Shandong 山東|山东[Shan1 dong1], birthplace of Confucius
the Book of History, one of the Five Classics of Confucianism 五經|五经[Wu3 jing1], a compendium of documents which make up the oldest extant texts of Chinese history, from legendary times down to the time of Confucius, also known as 尚書經|尚书经[Shang4 shu1 jing1], 尚書|尚书[Shang4 shu1], 書|书[Shu1]
孔林
Kǒng lín
the Confucius family mausoleum at Qufu 曲阜, rebuilt and extended by every dynasty
to travel around many countries (idiom) / peregrinations / refers to the travels of Confucius
哀莫大于心死
āi mò dà yú xīn sǐ
nothing sadder than a withered heart (idiom attributed to Confucius by Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]) / no greater sorrow than a heart that never rejoices / the worst sorrow is not as bad as an uncaring heart / nothing is more wretched than apathy
孔孟之道
Kǒng Mèng zhī dào
the teaching of Confucius and Mencius
万世师表
wàn shì shī biǎo
model teacher of every age (idiom) / eternal paragon / refers to Confucius (551-479 BC) 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
the K'ung family Masters' anthology, collection of dialogues between Confucius and his disciples, possibly forged in third century by Wang Su 王肅|王肃[Wang2 Su4]
孔子家语
Kǒng zǐ Jiā yǔ
The School Sayings of Confucius, a supplement to the Analects / abbr. to 家語|家语[Jia1 yu3]
Ji Lu (542-480 BC), disciple of Confucius 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3], also known as 子路[Zi3 Lu4]
孙武子
Sūn Wǔ zǐ
Sun Wu, famous general, strategist and Legalist philosopher, contemporary with Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] (551-479 BC), author of "The Art of War" 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sun1 zi3 Bing1 fa3] / also known as Sun Tzu 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3]
宰予
Zǎi Yǔ
Zai Yu (522-458 BC), disciple of Confucius
宰予昼寝
Zǎi Yǔ zhòu qǐn
Zai Yu sleeps by day (idiom) / refers to story in Analects of Confucius remonstrating bitterly with his student for sleeping during lectures
尚书经
Shàng shū Jīng
Book of History / a compendium of documents in various styles, making up the oldest extant texts of Chinese history, from legendary times down to the times of Confucius
曲阜
Qū fù
Qufu, county-level city in Jining 濟寧|济宁[Ji3 ning2], Shandong / hometown of Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
曲阜孔庙
Qū fù Kǒng miào
temple to Confucius in his hometown Qufu
曲阜市
Qū fù Shì
Qufu, county-level city in Jining 濟寧|济宁[Ji3 ning2], Shandong / hometown of Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
端木赐
Duān mù Cì
Duanmu Ci (520 BC-446 BC), disciple of Confucius, also known as Zi Gong 子貢|子贡[Zi3 Gong4]
诸子十家
zhū zǐ shí jiā
various sages and ten schools of thought / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others
颜回
Yán Huí
Yan Hui (521-481 BC), disciple of Confucius, also known as Yan Yuan 顏淵|颜渊[Yan2 Yuan1]
颜渊
Yán Yuān
Yan Yuan (521-481 BC), disciple of Confucius 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3], also known as 顏回|颜回[Yan2 Hui2]
Confucius Institute, organization established internationally by the PRC, promoting Chinese language and culture
国家汉办
Guó jiā Hàn bàn
Office of Chinese Language Council International (known colloquially as "Hanban"), an organ of the PRC government which develops Chinese language and culture teaching resources worldwide, and has established Confucius Institutes 孔子學院|孔子学院[Kong3 zi3 Xue2 yuan4] internationally / abbr. to 漢辦|汉办[Han4 ban4]
家语
Jiā yǔ
The School Sayings of Confucius (abbr. for 孔子家語|孔子家语[Kong3 zi3 Jia1 yu3])
曾参
Zēng Shēn
Zeng Shen (505-435 BC), a.k.a. 曾子[Zeng1 zi3], student of Confucius, presumed editor or author of Confucian classic the Great Learning 大學|大学[Da4 xue2]
曾子
Zēng zǐ
Zengzi (505-435 BC), student of Confucius, presumed editor or author of Confucian classic the Great Learning 大學|大学[Da4 xue2]
zōu