| 院士 | yuàn shì | scholar / academician / fellow (of an academy) | ![]() |
| 学会院士 | xué huì yuàn shì | academician / fellow of academy | ![]() |
| 博士 | bó shì | doctor (as an academic degree) / (old) person specialized in a skill or trade / (old) court academician | ![]() |
| 通讯院士 | tōng xùn yuàn shì | corresponding member (of an academy) / junior academician | ![]() |
