book format, similar to in-4°, in-8° / etc (a 16-kai format 16開|16开[shi2liu4-kai1] is roughly A4) (abbr. to 開|开[kai1])
直隶
Zhí lì
Zhili, a province from Ming times until 1928, roughly corresponding to present-day Hebei
五音
wǔ yīn
five notes of pentatonic scale, roughly do, re, mi, sol, la / five classes of initial consonants of Chinese phonetics, namely: 喉音[hou2 yin1], 牙音[ya2 yin1], 舌音[she2 yin1], 齒音|齿音[chi3 yin1], 唇音[chun2 yin1]
比量
bǐ liang
to measure roughly (with the hand, a stick, string etc)