Zhou Yu (175-210), famous general of the southern Wu kingdom and victor of the battle of Redcliff / in Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4], absolutely no match for Zhuge Liang 諸葛亮|诸葛亮[Zhu1 ge3 Liang4]
唐伯虎
Táng Bó hǔ
Tang Bohu or Tang Yin 唐寅 / (1470-1523), Ming painter and poet, one of Four great southern talents of the Ming 江南四大才子
Jigong or Daoji (1130-1207), Southern Song Dynasty Buddhist monk
夜郎
Yè láng
small barbarian kingdom in southern China during the Han dynasty
南端
nán duān
southern end or extremity
建康
Jiàn kāng
old name for Nanjing 南京, esp. during Southern dynasties
侗族
dòng zú
Kam people, who live mostly in southern China and in the north of Laos and Vietnam
李清照
Lǐ Qīng zhào
Li Qingzhao (1084-c. 1151), southern Song female poet
刘裕
Liú Yù
Liu Yu, founder of Song of the Southern dynasties 劉宋|刘宋[Liu2 Song4], broke away from Eastern Jin in 420, reigned as Emperor Wu of Song 宋武帝[Song4 Wu3 di4]
阳关
Yáng guān
Yangguan or Southern Pass on the south Silk Road in Gansu, 70 km south of Dunhuang 敦煌
塔里木
Tǎ lǐ mù
the Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang
赤壁之战
Chì bì zhī zhàn
Battle of Redcliff of 208 at Chibi in Huangzhou district 黃州區|黄州区[Huang2 zhou1 qu1] of Huanggang city 黃岡|黄冈[Huang2 gang1], a decisive defeat of Cao Cao 曹操[Cao2 Cao1] at the hands of southern kingdom of Wu / famous episode in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4]
燕国
Yān guó
Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning / north Hebei / the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕[Qian2 Yan1] (337-370), Later Yan 後燕|后燕[Hou4 Yan1] (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕[Nan2 Yan1] (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕[Bei3 Yan1] (409-436)
南唐
Nán Táng
Tang of the Five Southern Dynasties 937-975
后汉书
Hòu Hàn shū
History of Eastern Han (later Han), third of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], composed by Fan Ye 范曄|范晔[Fan4 Ye4] in 445 during Song of the Southern Dynasties 南朝宋[Nan2 chao2 Song4], 120 scrolls
History of Song of the Southern Dynasties 南朝宋[Nan2 chao2 Song4] or Liu Song 劉宋|刘宋[Liu2 Song4], sixth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled by Shen Yue 沈約|沈约[Shen3 Yue1] in 488 during Liang of the Southern Dynasties 南朝梁[Nan2 chao2 Liang2], 100 scrolls / (not to be confused with 宋史[Song4 shi3])
南朝梁
Nán cháo Liáng
Liang of the Southern dynasties (502-557)
沈约
Shěn Yuē
Shen Yue (441-513), writer and historian during Liang of Southern dynasties 南朝梁, compiler of History of Song of the Southern dynasties 宋書|宋书
梁书
Liáng shū
History of Liang of the Southern Dynasties, eighth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled by Yao Silian 姚思廉[Yao2 Si1 lian2] in 636 during Tang dynasty, 56 scrolls
庾信
Yǔ Xìn
Yu Xin (513-581), poet from Liang of the Southern dynasties 南朝梁朝 / and author of Lament for the South 哀江南賦|哀江南赋
Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning / north Hebei / the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕[Qian2 Yan1] (337-370), Later Yan 後燕|后燕[Hou4 Yan1] (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕[Nan2 Yan1] (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕[Bei3 Yan1] (409-436) / surname Yan
name of a river, the southern tributary of Miluo river 汨羅江|汨罗江[Mi4 luo2 jiang1]
吴下阿蒙
Wú xià ā Méng
General Lü / Meng 呂蒙|吕蒙 / of the southern state of Wu (idiom) / model of self-improvement by diligent study (from unlettered soldier to top strategist of Wu)
南箕北斗
nán jī běi dǒu
lit. the Winnowing Basket in the southern sky, and the Big Dipper in the north (idiom) / fig. sth which, despite its name, is of no practical use
Li Yu (c. 937-978), given name of the final ruler of Tang of the Five Southern dynasties Li Houzhu 李後主|李后主, a renowned poet
罗汉果
luó hàn guǒ
monk fruit, the sweet fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii, a vine of the Curcubitaceae family native to southern China and northern Thailand, used in Chinese medicine
闽南语
Mǐn nán yǔ
Southern Min, a Sinitic language spoken in southern Fujian and surrounding areas
九声六调
jiǔ shēng liù diào
nine tones and six modes (tonal system of Cantonese and other southern languages)
五凉
Wǔ Liáng
the five Liang of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Liang 前涼|前凉 / (314-376), Later Liang 後涼|后凉 / (386-403), Northern Liang 北涼|北凉 / (398-439), Southern Liang 南涼|南凉[Nan2 Liang2] (397-414), Western Liang 西涼|西凉 / (400-421)
亚速海
Yà sù Hǎi
Sea of Azov in southern Russia
伯颜
Bà yán
Bayan (name) / Bayan of the Baarin (1236-1295), Mongol Yuan general under Khubilai Khan, victorious over the Southern Song 1235-1239 / Bayan of the Merkid (-1340), Yuan dynasty general and politician
伽倻
Jiā yē
Gaya, a Korean confederacy of territorial polities in the Nakdong River basin of southern Korea (42-532 AD)
侯景之乱
Hóu Jǐng zhī luàn
rebellion against Liang of the Southern Dynasties 南朝梁 / in 548
两宋
Liǎng Sòng
the Song dynasty (960-1279) / refers to the Northern (960-1127) and Southern Song (1128-1279)
刘宋
Liú Sòng
Song of the Southern dynasties 南朝宋 / (420-479), with capital at Nanjing
刘宋时代
Liú Sòng Shí dài
Song of the Southern dynasties (420-479), with capital at Nanjing
南史
Nán shǐ
History of the Southern Dynasties, fourteenth of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled by Li Yanshou 李延壽|李延寿[Li3 Yan2 shou4] in 659 during Tang Dynasty, 80 scrolls
南朝宋
Nán cháo Sòng
Song of the Southern dynasties (420-479), with capital at Nanjing / also known as Liu Song 劉宋|刘宋
南朝陈
Nán cháo Chén
Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)
南朝齐
Nán cháo Qí
Qi of Southern dynasties (479-502)
南凉
Nán Liáng
Southern Liang of the Sixteen Kingdoms (397-414)
南燕
Nán Yān
Southern Yan of the Sixteen Kingdoms (398-410)
南齐
Nán Qí
Qi of Southern dynasties (479-502)
南齐书
Nán Qí shū
History of Qi of the Southern Dynasties, seventh of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], compiled by Xiao Zixian 蕭子顯|萧子显[Xiao1 Zi3 xian3] in 537 during Liang of the Southern Dynasties 南朝梁[Nan2 chao2 Liang2], 59 scrolls
吴楚
Wú Chǔ
southern states of Wu and Chu / the middle and lower Yangtze valley
吴越春秋
Wú Yuè chūn qiū
History of the Southern States Wu and Yue (traditional rivals), compiled by Han historian Zhao Ye 趙曄|赵晔[Zhao4 Ye4], 10 extant scrolls
吕蒙
Lu:3 Méng
Lü / Meng (178-219), general of the southern state of Wu
哀江南赋
Aī Jiāng nán fù
Lament for the South, long poem in Fu style by Yu Xin 庾信 / mourning the passing of Liang of the Southern dynasties 南朝梁朝
唐楼
táng lóu
tenement building, typically of 2-4 stories, with a shop on the ground floor and upper floors used for residential purposes (esp. in southern China)
垦丁
Kěn dīng
Kenting, a national park on the southern tip of Taiwan, popular as a tourist destination (abbr. for 墾丁國家公園|垦丁国家公园[Ken3 ding1 Guo2 jia1 Gong1 yuan2])
女书
nu:3 shū
nüshu writing, a phonetic syllabary for Yao ethnic group 瑤族|瑶族[Yao2 zu2] dialect designed and used by women in Jiangyong county 江永縣|江永县[Jiang1 yong3 xian4] in southern Hunan
孙坚
Sūn Jiān
Sun Jian (155-191), famous general at end of Han dynasty, forerunner of the southern kingdom of Wu of the Three Kingdoms
宋慈
Sòng Cí
Song Ci (1186-1249), Southern Song lawyer, editor of Record of Washed Grievances 洗冤集錄|洗冤集录 / (1247), said to be the world's first legal forensic text
宋武帝
Sòng Wǔ dì
Emperor Wu of Song (363-422), personal name Liu Yu 劉裕|刘裕[Liu2 Yu4], founder of Song of the Southern dynasties 劉宋|刘宋[Liu2 Song4], broke away from Eastern Jin in 420, reigned 420-422
宋武帝刘裕
Sòng wǔ dì Liú yù
Liu Yu, founder of Southern dynasty Song 劉宋|刘宋, broke away from Eastern Jin in 420
jià