国 内 guó nèi domestic / internal (to a country) / civil 民 事 mín shì civil case / agricultural affairs / civil 民 警 mín jǐng civil police / PRC police / abbr. for 人民警察 民 航 mín háng civil aviation 民 政 mín zhèng civil administration 内 战 nèi zhàn civil war 民 法 mín fǎ civil law 民 政 局 mín zhèng jú Bureau of Civil Affairs 文 武 wén wǔ civil and military 进 士 jìn shì successful candidate in the highest imperial civil service examination / palace graduate 土 木 tǔ mù building / construction / civil engineering 土 建 tǔ jiàn civil engineering / same as 土木工程[tu3 mu4 gong1 cheng2] 民 事 诉 讼 mín shì sù sòng common plea / civil appeal (as opposed to criminal case) 民 政 部 Mín zhèng bù Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) of the PRC 土 木 工 程 tǔ mù gōng chéng civil engineering 都 督 dū dū (army) commander-in-chief (archaic) / provincial military governor and civil administrator during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD) 民 事 责 任 mín shì zé rèn civil liability (law) 公 职 gōng zhí civil service / public office / government job 绕 道 rào dào to go by a roundabout route / to take a detour / (medicine or civil engineering) bypass 人 民 警 察 rén mín jǐng chá civil police / PRC police 工 事 gōng shì defensive structure / military fortifications / (Tw) construction works / civil engineering works 民 航 总 局 mín háng zǒng jú General Civil Aviation Authority 节 度 使 jié dù shǐ Tang and Song dynasty provincial governor, in Tang times having military and civil authority, but only civil authority in Song 祖 籍 zǔ jí ancestral hometown / original domicile (and civil registration) 民 权 mín quán civil liberties 内 乱 nèi luàn internal disorder / civil strife / civil unrest 文 职 wén zhí civilian post (as opposed to military) / civil service / administration 公 务 员 法 gōng wù yuán fǎ Civil Service Law 中 国 民 航 zhōng guó mín háng General Administration of Civil Aviation of China (CAAC) 民 政 厅 mín zhèng tīng provincial department of civil affairs 民 法 典 mín fǎ diǎn civil code 公 职 人 员 gōng zhí rén yuán civil servant 公 民 权 利 gōng mín quán lì civil rights 会 试 huì shì metropolitan examination (imperial civil service examination) 白 求 恩 Bái Qiú ēn Norman Bethune (1890-1939), Canadian doctor, worked for communists in Spanish civil war and for Mao in Yan'an, where he died of blood poisoning 公 务 员 制 度 gōng wù yuán zhì duó civil service 公 民 权 gōng mín quán civil rights / citizenship rights 益 民 yì mín good citizens / the right side in a civil war 民 防 mín fáng civil defence 保 to defend / to protect / to keep / to guarantee / to ensure / civil administration unit in the baojia 保甲[bao3 jia3] system (old) 淮 海 战 役 Huái hǎi Zhàn yì Huaihai Campaign (Nov 1948-Jan 1949), one of the three major campaigns by the People's Liberation Army near the end of the Chinese Civil War, considered the determining battle of the war 官 制 guān zhì the civil service system / the bureaucratic system 民 运 mín yùn civil transport / movement aimed at the masses / democracy movement (abbr.) 民 变 mín biàn mass uprising / popular revolt / civil commotion 不 第 bù dì to fail the civil service examination (in imperial China) 共 匪 gòng fěi communist bandit (i.e. PLA soldier (during the civil war) or Chinese communist (Tw)) 白 军 Bái jūn White Guard or White Movement, anti-communist troops fighting against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917-1922) 甲 first of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / (used for an unspecified person or thing) / first (in a list, as a party to a contract etc) / letter "A" or roman "I" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / armor plating / shell or carapace / (of the fingers or toes) nail / bladed leather or metal armor (old) / ranking system used in the Imperial examinations (old) / civil administration unit in the baojia 保甲[bao3 jia3] system (old) / ancient Chinese compass point: 75° 鹇 silver pheasant (Phasianus nycthemerus) / silver pheasant badge worn by civil officials of the 5th grade 鷴 silver pheasant badge worn by civil officials of the 5th grade 三 十 六 计 sān shí liù jì The Thirty-Six Stratagems, a Chinese essay used to illustrate a series of stratagems used in politics, war, and in civil interaction / all the possible schemes and stratagems 才 兼 文 武 cái jiān wén wǔ talent in both military and civil field (idiom) 民 权 主 义 mín quán zhǔ yì democracy / civil liberties / principle of democracy, the second of Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山|孙中山 / Three Principles of the People 三民主義|三民主义 / (at the time, meaning widespread popular involvement in affairs of state) 南 昌 起 义 Nán chāng Qǐ yì Nanchang Uprising, 1st August 1927, the beginning of military revolt by the Communists in the Chinese Civil War 民 庭 mín tíng civil court 国 内 战 争 guó nèi zhàn zhēng civil war / internal struggle 民 用 核 国 家 mín yòng hé guó jiā civil nuclear power 平 津 战 役 Píng jīn Zhàn yì Pingjin Campaign (Nov 1948-Jan 1949), one of the three major campaigns by the People's Liberation Army near the end of the Chinese Civil War 王 敦 Wáng Dūn Wang Dun (266-324), powerful general of Jin dynasty and brother of civil official Wang Dao 王導|王导, subsequently rebellious warlord 322-324 中 国 民 用 航 空 局 zhōng guó mín yòng háng kōng jú Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) 人 民 基 本 权 利 rén mín jī běn quán lì fundamental civil rights 公 家 机 关 gōng jiā jī guān civil service 公 民 义 务 gōng mín yì wù civil obligation / a citizen's duty 国 共 内 战 Guó Gòng Nèi zhàn Chinese Civil War, also known as War of Liberation 解放戰爭|解放战争[Jie3 fang4 Zhan4 zheng1] 国 际 民 航 组 织 Guó jì Mín háng Zǔ zhī International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 市 民 社 会 shì mín shè huì civil society (law) 救 灾 救 济 司 jiù zāi jiù jì sī emergency aid committee (of PRC Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部) 文 武 百 官 wén wǔ bǎi guān civil and military officials 日 英 联 军 Rì Yīng lián jūn Anglo-Japanese allied army (intervention during Russian revolution and civil war 1917-1922) 民 团 mín tuán civil corps / militia 维 权 人 士 wéi quán rén shì civil rights activist 重 文 轻 武 zhòng wén qīng wǔ to value letters and belittle arms (idiom) / to stress civil matters and neglect the military / to prefer the pen to the sword 公 民 社 会 gōng mín shè huì civil society 公 民 抗 命 gōng mín kàng mìng civil disobedience 公 民 权 利 和 政 治 权 利 国 际 公 约 gōng mín quán lì hé zhèng zhì quán lì guó jì gōng yuē International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 国 际 民 用 航 空 公 约 guó jì mín yòng háng kōng gōng yuē Convention on International Civil Aviation / Chicago Convention 民 间 团 体 mín jiān tuán tǐ civil society 文 职 人 员 wén zhí rén yuán civilian component / civil component 民 间 社 会 发 展 论 坛 Civil Society Development Forum 民 间 社 会 论 坛 civil society forum 民 政 办 公 室 mín zhèng bàn gōng shì Civil Affairs Office 民 航 管 理 局 mín háng guǎn lǐ jú Civil Aviation Authority 高 级 民 政 干 事 Senior Civil Affairs Officer 民 政 科 mín zhèng kē Civil Affairs Section 民 事 过 错 mín shì guò cuò civil wrong 民 事 收 容 mín shì shōu róng civil commitment 国 际 民 用 核 能 大 会 International Conference on Access to Civil Nuclear Energy 国 际 民 间 社 会 论 坛 International Civil Society Forum 国 际 公 务 员 年 度 组 织 会 议 Yearly Organizing Reunion of International Civil Services 公 民 自 由 区 gōng mín zì yóu qū civil liberties zone 联 合 国 与 民 间 社 会 关 系 知 名 人 士 小 组 Panel of Eminent Persons on United Nations-Civil Society Relations / Cardoso Panel on UN Relations with Civil Society 加 速 改 善 民 事 登 记 和 生 命 统 计 系 统 战 略 Strategies for Accelerating the Improvement of Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems 伊 比 利 亚 － 美 洲 公 务 员 论 坛 Forum of Civil Service Officials in Ibero-America 卫 星 及 其 他 技 术 应 用 于 民 航 研 究 委 员 会 Committee to Review the Application of Satellite and Other Techniques to Civil Aviation 国 际 公 务 员 互 助 协 会 International Civil Servants Mutual Association 国 际 民 航 日 guó jì mín háng rì International Civil Aviation Day 公 务 员 制 度 发 展 干 事 Civil Service Development Officer 东 帝 汶 公 务 员 制 度 委 员 会 East Timorese Civil Service Commission 关 于 从 国 外 调 取 民 事 或 商 事 证 据 的 公 约 Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters 教 育 问 题 联 合 民 事 委 员 会 Joint Civil Commission on Education
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