Hebei province (Hopeh) in north China surrounding Beijing, short name 冀, capital Shijiazhuang 石家莊|石家庄[Shi2 jia1 zhuang1]
山西
Shān xī
Shanxi Province (Shansi) in north China between Hebei and Shaanxi, abbr. 晉|晋[Jin4] capital Taiyuan 太原[Tai4 yuan2]
江南
Jiāng nán
south of Changjiang or Yangtze river / south of the lower reaches of Changjiang / often refers to south Jiangsu, south Anhui and north Zhejiang provinces / a province during Qing times / in literature, refers to the sunny south / Gangnam (district in Seoul, South Korea)
朝鲜
Cháo xiǎn
North Korea / Korea as geographic term / Taiwan pr. [Chao2 xian1]
石家庄
Shí jiā zhuāng
Shijiazhuang, prefecture-level city and capital of Hebei Province 河北省[He2 bei3 Sheng3] in north China
太原
Tài yuán
Taiyuan, prefecture-level city and capital of Shanxi province 山西省[Shan1 xi1 Sheng3] in central north China
Beihai, park in Beijing to the northwest of the Forbidden City / the North Sea (Europe) / Beihai prefecture-level city and seaport in Guangxi / Bohai Sea / Lake Baikal
Xuchang, prefecture-level city in north Henan, on the Beijing-Guangzhou railway line
北约
Běi yuē
NATO / abbr. for 北大西洋公約組織|北大西洋公约组织[Bei3 Da4 xi1 Yang2 Gong1 yue1 Zu3 zhi1], North Atlantic Treaty Organization
两极
liǎng jí
the two poles / the north and south poles / both ends of sth / electric or magnetic poles
黄土
huáng tǔ
loess (yellow sandy soil typical of north China)
特别行政区
tè bié xíng zhèng qū
special administrative region (SAR), of which there are two in the PRC: Hong Kong 香港 / and Macau 澳門|澳门 / refers to many different areas during late Qing, foreign occupation, warlord period and Nationalist government / refers to special zones in North Korea and Indonesia
长白山
Cháng bái shān
Changbai or Baekdu mountains 白頭山|白头山, volcanic mountain range between Jilin province and North Korea, prominent in Manchu and Korean mythology
Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China
Miyagi prefecture in the north of Japan's main island Honshū / 本州[Ben3 zhou1]
胡人
hú rén
ethnic groups in the north and west of China in ancient times / foreigner / barbarian
阳明山
Yáng míng Shān
Mt Yangming in Hunan / Mt Yangming in north Taiwan, near Taibei
北韩
Běi hán
(Tw, HK) North Korea
金日成
Jīn Rì chéng
Kim Il Sung (1912-1994) Great Leader of North Korea
羌族
Qiāng zú
Qiang ethnic group, nowadays esp. in north Sichuan
新屋
Xīn wū
Xinwu or Hsinwu township in Taoyuan county 桃園縣|桃园县[Tao2 yuan2 xian4], north Taiwan
五方
wǔ fāng
the five regions: the east, south, west, north and center / all parts / China and the lands beyond its frontiers
燕国
Yān guó
Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning / north Hebei / the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕[Qian2 Yan1] (337-370), Later Yan 後燕|后燕[Hou4 Yan1] (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕[Nan2 Yan1] (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕[Bei3 Yan1] (409-436)
龟山
Guī shān
Guishan or Kueishan township in Taoyuan county 桃園縣|桃园县[Tao2 yuan2 xian4], north Taiwan
Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning / north Hebei / the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕[Qian2 Yan1] (337-370), Later Yan 後燕|后燕[Hou4 Yan1] (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕[Nan2 Yan1] (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕[Bei3 Yan1] (409-436) / surname Yan