| 共和国 | gòng hé guó | republic |   |
| 共和 | gòng hé | republic / republicanism | |
| 共和制 | gòng hé zhì | republic | |
| 北京 | Běi jīng | Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (abbr. to 京[Jing1]) | |
| 中华 | Zhōng huá | Zhonghua, historical and cultural term for China, often used to denote Chinese civilization and identity (as in 中華文化|中华文化[Zhong1hua2 wen2hua4] "Chinese culture") / used in the official name of the Republic of China, 中華民國|中华民国[Zhong1hua2 Min2guo2] | |
| 南京 | Nán jīng | see 南京市[Nan2jing1 Shi4] / Nanjing, capital of the Ming dynasty (1368-1421) and of the Republic of China (1927-1937 and 1946-1949) | |
| 人民共和国 | rén mín gòng hé guó | People's Republic | |
| 中华人民共和国 | Zhōng huá Rén mín Gòng hé guó | People's Republic of China | |
| 院长 | yuàn zhǎng | the head of an institution whose name ends in 院[yuan4] / chair of a board / university president / college dean / premier of the Republic of China / CL:個|个[ge4] | |
| 民国 | Mín guó | Republic of China (1912-1949) / used in Taiwan as the name of the calendar era (e.g. 民國六十年|民国六十年 / is 1971, the 60th year after 1911) | |
| 陈水扁 | Chén Shuǐ biǎn | Chen Shui-Bian (1950-), Taiwanese DPP 民進黨|民进党 / politician, president of the Republic of China 2000-2008 | |
| 捷克 | Jié kè | Czech / Czech Republic (from 1993) / Czechia | |
| 中华民国 | Zhōng huá Mín guó | Republic of China | |
| 马英九 | Mǎ Yīng jiǔ | Ma Ying-jeou (1950-), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician, Mayor of Taipei 1998-2006, president of Republic of China 2008-2016 | |
| 孙中山 | Sūn Zhōng shān | Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Guomintang 國民黨|国民党 / same as 孫逸仙|孙逸仙 | |
| 国大 | Guó Dà | abbr. for 國民大會|国民大会, National Assembly of the Republic of China (extant during various periods between 1913 and 2005) / abbr. for 新加坡國立大學|新加坡国立大学, National University of Singapore (NUS) / abbr. for 印度國民大會黨|印度国民大会党, Indian National Congress (INC) / abbr. for 馬來西亞印度國民大會黨|马来西亚印度国民大会党, Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) | |
| 行政院 | Xíng zhèng yuàn | Executive Yuan, the executive branch of government under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan | |
| 都督 | dū dū | (army) commander-in-chief (archaic) / provincial military governor and civil administrator during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD) | |
| 布拉格 | Bù lā gé | Prague, capital of Czech Republic | |
| 车臣 | Chē chén | Chechnya, a republic in southwestern Russia / Chechen | |
| 新四军 | Xīn sì jūn | New Fourth army of Republic of China, set up in 1937 and controlled by the communists | |
| 西德 | Xī Dé | West Germany / German Federal Republic 德意志聯邦共和國|德意志联邦共和国[De2 yi4 zhi4 Lian2 bang1 Gong4 he2 guo2] | |
| 立法院 | Lì fǎ yuàn | Legislative Yuan, the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China | |
| 国民政府 | Guó mín zhèng fǔ | Nationalist government (the government of the Republic of China 1925-1948) | |
| 考试院 | Kǎo shì yuàn | Examination Yuan, the qualification and appointment board under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan / exam board | |
| 中非 | Zhōng Fēi | China-Africa (relations) / Central Africa / Central African Republic | |
| 国父 | guó fù | father or founder of a nation / Father of the Republic (Sun Yat-sen) | |
| 督军 | dū jūn | provincial military governor during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD) | |
| 戴高乐 | Dài Gāo lè | Charles De Gaulle (1890-1970), French general and politician, leader of the Free French during World War II and president of the Republic 1959-1969 | |
| 斯柯达 | Sī kē dá | Škoda, Czech Republic car manufacturer, a subsidiary of Volkswagen Group | |
| 大总统 | dà zǒng tǒng | president (primarily used during the early years of the Republic of China, 1912-1928) | |
| 冯玉祥 | Féng Yù xiáng | Feng Yuxiang (1882-1948), warlord during Republic of China, strongly critical of Chiang Kai-shek | |
| 苏贞昌 | Sū Zhēn chāng | Su Tseng-chang (1947-), Taiwanese DPP politician, premier of the Republic of China (2019-) | |
| 东德 | Dōng Dé | East Germany (1945-1990) / German Democratic Republic 德意志民主共和國|德意志民主共和国[De2 yi4 zhi4 Min2 zhu3 Gong4 he2 guo2] | |
| 多米尼加 | Duō mǐ ní jiā | Dominican Republic | |
| 捷克斯洛伐克 | Jié kè Sī luò fá kè | Republic of Czechoslovakia (1918-1992) | |
| 国新办 | Guó Xīn Bàn | State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China, abbr. for 國務院新聞辦公室|国务院新闻办公室[Guo2 wu4 yuan4 Xin1 wen2 Ban4 gong1 shi4] | |
| 阿尔泰 | A1 ěr tài | Altai republic in Russian central Asia, capital Gorno-Altaysk | |
| 图瓦 | Tú wǎ | Tuva, a republic in south-central Siberia, Russia | |
| 苏哈托 | Sū hā tuō | Suharto (1921-2008), former Indonesian general, president of the Republic of Indonesia 1967-1998 | |
| 监察院 | Jiān chá yuàn | Control Yuan, a watchdog under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan | |
| 扎伊尔 | zhā yī ěr | Zaire, former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
| 司法院 | Sī fǎ yuàn | Judicial Yuan, the high court under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan | |
| 多米尼加共和国 | Duō mǐ ní jiā Gòng hé guó | Dominican Republic | |
| 金沙萨 | Jīn shā sà | Kinshasa, capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
| 法兰西共和国 | | the Republic of France | |
| 爱丽舍宫 | Aì lì shě Gōng | Elysée Palace, the residence of the president of the French Republic | |
| 巴黎公社 | Bā lí Gōng shè | Paris Commune 1871, an unsuccessful proletarian uprising against the French Third Republic | |
| 班吉 | Bān jí | Bangui, capital of Central African Republic | |
| 摩尔多瓦 | Mó ěr duō wǎ | Moldova / Republic of Moldova, former Soviet republic on the border with Romania | |
| 捷克共和国 | Jié kè Gòng hé guó | Czech Republic | |
| 爱尔兰共和国 | Aì ěr lán Gòng hé guó | Republic of Ireland | |
| 格罗兹尼 | gé luó zī ní | Grozny, capital of Chechen Republic, Russia | |
| 纳吉布 | Nà jí bù | Mohamed Naguib (1901-1984), first president of the Republic of Egypt / Najib Razak (1953-), Malaysian politician, prime minister 2009-2018 | |
| 金夏沙 | Jīn xià shā | Kinshasa, capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Tw) | |
| 多明尼加 | Duō míng ní jiā | (Tw) Dominican Republic | |
| 东帝汶 | Dōng dì wèn | East Timor (officially Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) | |
| 圣多明各 | Shèng Duō míng gè | Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic | |
| 刚果民主共和国 | Gāng guǒ Mín zhǔ Gòng hé guó | Democratic Republic of Congo | |
| 刚果共和国 | gāng guǒ gòng hé guó | the Republic of the Congo | |
| 布尔诺 | bù ěr nuò | Brno, city in Czech Republic | |
| 塞尔维亚共和国 | | the Republic of Serbia | |
| 布鲁特斯 | Bù lǔ tè sī | Brutus (name) / Marcus Junius Brutus (85-42 BC), late Roman Republic politician who conspired against Julius Caesar / Lucius Junius Brutus (6th c. BC), founder of the Roman Republic | |
| 安道尔共和国 | An1 dào ěr Gòng hé guó | Republic of Andorra | |
| 多明尼加共和国 | Duō míng ní jiā Gòng hé guó | (Tw) Dominican Republic | |
| 科特迪瓦共和国 | Kē tè dí wǎ Gòng hé guó | Republic of Côte d'Ivoire | |
| 克罗地亚共和国 | Kè luó dì yà Gòng hé guó | Republic of Croatia | |
| 圣多明哥 | Shèng Duō míng gē | Santo Domingo, capital of Dominican Republic (Tw) | |
| 孙逸仙 | Sūn Yì xiān | Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Kuomintang / same as 孫中山|孙中山 | |
| 印古什 | Yìn gǔ shí | Ingushetia, republic in southwestern Russia | |
| 中非共和国 | Zhōng Fēi Gòng hé guó | Central African Republic | |
| 北京市 | Běi jīng Shì | Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (abbr. to 京[Jing1]) | |
| 大韩民国 | Dà hán Mín guó | Republic of Korea (South Korea) | |
| 德意志联邦共和国 | Dé yì zhì Lián bāng Gòng hé guó | Federal Republic of Germany / former West Germany 1945-1990, now simply Germany | |
| 红五星旗 | hóng wǔ xīng qí | name of the flag of the People's Republic of China | |
| 基桑加尼 | Jī sāng jiā ní | Kisangani (city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo) | |
| 五权宪法 | wǔ quán xiàn fǎ | Sun Yat-sen's Five-power constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan / The five courts or 院[yuan4] are 行政院[xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive yuan, 立法院[li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative yuan, 司法院[si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial yuan, 考試院|考试院[kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination yuan, 監察院|监察院[jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control yuan | |
| 中华苏维埃共和国 | Zhōng huá Sū wéi āi Gòng hé guó | Chinese Soviet Republic (1931-1937) | |
| 五院 | wǔ yuàn | the five yuan (administrative branches of government) of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen's constitution: 行政院[Xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive Yuan, 立法院[Li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative Yuan, 司法院[Si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial Yuan, 考試院|考试院[Kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination Yuan, 監察院|监察院[Jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control Yuan | |
| 两德 | liǎng Dé | two Germanies / refers to German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) | |
| 加里宁格勒 | Jiā lǐ níng gé lè | Kaliningrad, town on Baltic now in Russian republic / formerly Königsberg, capital of East Prussia | |
| 反袁斗争 | fǎn Yuán dòu zhēng | war of 1915 against Yuan Shikai and for the Republic | |
| 威玛共和国 | Wēi mǎ Gòng hé guó | Weimar Republic (German Reich, 1919-1933) | |
| 帕劳 | Pà láo | Republic of Palau or Belau (Pacific island nation) | |
| 德国统一社会党 | Dé guó Tǒng yī Shè huì dǎng | Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of Germany 1949-1990), the ruling communist party of the former German Democratic Republic (East Germany) | |
| 德意志·民主·共和国 | | German democratic republic (former East Germany), 1945-1990 | |
| 德意志·联邦·共和国 | | Federal Republic of Germany / former West Germany 1945-1990, now simply Germany | |
| 斯洛文尼亚共和国 | Sī luò wén ní yà Gòng hé guó | Republic of Slovenia | |
| 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 | Cháo xiǎn Mín zhǔ zhǔ yì Rén mín Gòng hé guó | People's Democratic Republic of Korea (North Korea) | |
| 李承晚 | Lǐ Chéng wǎn | Syngman Rhee (1875-1965), US-trained Korean politician and dictator, president of Republic of Korea 1948-1960 | |
| 东西德 | Dōng Xī dé | East and West Germany / refers to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) | |
| 波季 | Bō jì | Poti, strategic seaport in Abkhazia, Republic of Georgia | |
| 波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维纳共和国 | Bō sī ní yà hé Hēi sāi gē wéi nà gòng hé guó | Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| 海地岛 | Hǎi dì Dǎo | Hispaniola (Caribbean Island divided between Dominican Republic and Haiti) | |
| 清末民初 | Qīng mò Mín chū | the late Qing and early Republic, i.e. China around 1911 | |
| 特瓦族 | Tè wǎ zú | Twa or Batwa, an ethnic group in Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo | |
| 自由中国 | zì yóu Zhōng guó | Free China (Cold War era term for the Republic of China on Taiwan, as distinct from "Red China") | |
| 蒙古人民共和国 | Měng gǔ Rén mín Gòng hé guó | People's Republic of Mongolia (from 1924) | |
| 苏西洛 | Sū xī luò | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (1949-), retired Indonesian general, president of the Republic of Indonesia 2004-2014 | |
| 袁头 | Yuán tóu | silver coin from the early days of the Republic of China (1912-1949) bearing the head of Yuan Shikai 袁世凱|袁世凯[Yuan2 Shi4 kai3] | |
