| 中国 | Zhōng guó | China |   |
| 唐山 | Táng shān | see 唐山市[Tang2shan1 Shi4] / China (a name for China used by some overseas Chinese) | |
| 北京 | Běi jīng | Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (abbr. to 京[Jing1]) | |
| 中华 | Zhōng huá | Zhonghua, historical and cultural term for China, often used to denote Chinese civilization and identity (as in 中華文化|中华文化[Zhong1hua2 wen2hua4] "Chinese culture") / used in the official name of the Republic of China, 中華民國|中华民国[Zhong1hua2 Min2guo2] | |
| 天下 | tiān xià | land under heaven / the whole world / the whole of China / realm / rule | |
| 南京 | Nán jīng | see 南京市[Nan2jing1 Shi4] / Nanjing, capital of the Ming dynasty (1368-1421) and of the Republic of China (1927-1937 and 1946-1949) | |
| 网通 | wǎng tōng | China Netcom (CNC), former telecommunication service provider in PRC | |
| 中华人民共和国 | Zhōng huá Rén mín Gòng hé guó | People's Republic of China | |
| 南方 | nán fāng | south / southern China (areas to the south of the Yangtze River) | |
| 北方 | běi fāng | north / the northern part a country / China north of the Yellow River | |
| 黑龙江 | Hēi lóng jiāng | see 黑龍江省|黑龙江省[Hei1long2jiang1 Sheng3] / Heilong River or Amur River, forming the border between northeast China and Russia | |
| 央视 | Yāng shì | China Central Television (CCTV), abbr. for 中國中央電視台|中国中央电视台[Zhong1 guo2 Zhong1 yang1 Dian4 shi4 tai2] | |
| 华夏 | Huá xià | old name for China / Cathay | |
| 院长 | yuàn zhǎng | the head of an institution whose name ends in 院[yuan4] / chair of a board / university president / college dean / premier of the Republic of China / CL:個|个[ge4] | |
| 小灵通 | xiǎo líng tōng | Personal Handy-phone System (PHS), mobile network system operating in China 1998-2013, branded "Little Smart" | |
| 长安 | Cháng ān | Chang'an (ancient name of Xi'an 西安[Xi1 an1]) capital of China during Tang Dynasty 唐朝[Tang2 chao2] / now 長安區|长安区[Chang2 an1 Qu1], a district of Xi'an | |
| 北京时间 | Běi jīng Shí jiān | Beijing Time (BJT) / China Standard Time (CST) | |
| 华东 | Huá dōng | East China | |
| 民国 | Mín guó | Republic of China (1912-1949) / used in Taiwan as the name of the calendar era (e.g. 民國六十年|民国六十年 / is 1971, the 60th year after 1911) | |
| 南海 | Nán Hǎi | South China Sea | |
| 华南 | Huá nán | Southern China | |
| 东海 | Dōng Hǎi | East China Sea / East Sea (Chinese mythology and ancient geography) | |
| 证监会 | Zhèng jiān huì | China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) (abbr. for 中國證券監督管理委員會|中国证券监督管理委员会[Zhong1guo2 Zheng4quan4 Jian1du1 Guan3li3 Wei3yuan2hui4]) | |
| 民工 | mín gōng | migrant worker (who moved from a rural area of China to a city to find work) / temporary worker enlisted on a public project | |
| 中国共产党 | Zhōng guó Gòng chǎn dǎng | Communist Party of China | |
| 中国大陆 | zhōng guó dà lù | mainland China | |
| 中共中央 | Zhōng Gòng Zhōng yāng | Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, abbr. for 中國共產黨中央委員會|中国共产党中央委员会[Zhong1 guo2 Gong4 chan3 dang3 Zhong1 yang1 Wei3 yuan2 hui4] | |
| 神州 | Shén zhōu | old name for China | |
| 大桥 | Dà Qiáo | Da Qiao, one of the Two Qiaos, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4], the two great beauties of ancient China | |
| 农民工 | nóng mín gōng | migrant worker (who moved from a rural area of China to a city to find work) | |
| 陈水扁 | Chén Shuǐ biǎn | Chen Shui-Bian (1950-), Taiwanese DPP 民進黨|民进党 / politician, president of the Republic of China 2000-2008 | |
| 孙子 | Sūn zǐ | Sun Tzu, also known as Sun Wu 孫武|孙武[Sun1 Wu3] (c. 500 BC, dates of birth and death uncertain), general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period (700-475 BC), believed to be the author of the “Art of War&rdquo / 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sun1 zi3 Bing1 fa3], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1] | |
| 中央电视台 | Zhōng yāng Diàn shì tái | China Central Television (CCTV), PRC state TV network | |
| 中国电信 | Zhōng guó Diàn xìn | China Telecom (Chinese company providing mobile phone service) | |
| 华北 | Huá běi | North China | |
| 人民银行 | Rén mín Yín háng | People's Bank of China | |
| 中都 | Zhōng dū | Zhongdu, capital of China during the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), modern day Beijing | |
| 在华 | zài Huá | within China / during one's visit to China | |
| 华中 | Huá zhōng | central China | |
| 建行 | Jiàn háng | China Construction Bank (abbr.) | |
| 中国银行 | Zhōng guó Yín háng | Bank of China (BoC) | |
| 中南 | Zhōng Nán | South Central China (Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan) / abbr. for China-South Africa | |
| 蒋介石 | Jiǎng Jiè shí | Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975), military leader, head of the Nationalist government in China 1928-1949 and the government in exile on Taiwan 1950-1975 | |
| 中国网 | Zhōng guó wǎng | China network | |
| 九州 | Jiǔ zhōu | division of China during earliest dynasties / fig. ancient China / Kyūshū, southernmost of Japan's four major islands | |
| 中石化 | Zhōng shí huà | China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec / abbr. for 中國石油化工股份有限公司|中国石油化工股份有限公司 | |
| 外企 | wài qǐ | foreign enterprise / company established in mainland China with direct investment from foreign entities or from investors in Taiwan, Macao or Hong Kong / abbr. for 外資企業|外资企业 | |
| 对华 | duì Huá | (policy etc) towards China | |
| 中国人民银行 | Zhōng guó Rén mín Yín háng | People's Bank of China | |
| 中西 | Zhōng Xī | China and the West / Chinese-Western | |
| 光大 | guāng dà | splendid / magnificent / abbr. for 中國光大銀行|中国光大银行[Zhong1 guo2 Guang1 da4 Yin2 hang2], China Everbright Bank | |
| 中华民国 | Zhōng huá Mín guó | Republic of China | |
| 访华 | fǎng huá | visit China | |
| 大中华 | Dà Zhōng huá | Greater China / refers to China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau (esp. in finance and economics) / refers to all areas of Chinese presence (esp. in the cultural field), including parts of Southeast Asia, Europe and the Americas | |
| 马英九 | Mǎ Yīng jiǔ | Ma Ying-jeou (1950-), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician, Mayor of Taipei 1998-2006, president of Republic of China 2008-2016 | |
| 苗族 | Miáo zú | Hmong or Miao ethnic group of southwest China | |
| 中国人民大学 | Zhōng guó Rén mín Dà xué | Renmin University of China | |
| 华西 | Huá xī | West China (region in the upper reaches of Yangtze River and Sichuan Province) | |
| 客家 | Kè jiā | Hakka ethnic group, a subgroup of the Han that in the 13th century migrated from northern China to the south | |
| 黄帝 | Huáng dì | the Yellow Emperor, mythological emperor of China, reigned c. 2697-2597 BC | |
| 孙中山 | Sūn Zhōng shān | Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Guomintang 國民黨|国民党 / same as 孫逸仙|孙逸仙 | |
| 回族 | Huí zú | Hui Islamic ethnic group living across China | |
| 中国工商银行 | Zhōng guó Gōng shāng Yín háng | Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) | |
| 广交会 | Guǎng Jiāo Huì | China Export Commodities Fair also known as the Canton Fair | |
| 岭南 | Lǐng nán | south of the five ranges / old term for south China, esp. Guangdong and Guangxi | |
| 衙门 | yá men | yamen, government office in dynastic China | |
| 侵华 | qīn Huá | to invade China (referring to 19th century imperialist powers and Japan) | |
| 中国制造 | Zhōng guó zhì zào | made in China | |
| 驻华 | zhù huá | stationed in China / located in China | |
| 来华 | lái huá | to come to China | |
| 小桥 | Xiǎo Qiáo | Xiao Qiao, one of the Two Qiaos, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4], the two great beauties of ancient China | |
| 海归 | hǎi guī | sb who has come back to China after gaining overseas experience (a pun on 海龜|海龟[hai3 gui1]) / to return to China after a period of study or work overseas | |
| 华润 | Huá rùn | China Resources, a Chinese state-owned conglomerate | |
| 中新社 | Zhōng xīn shè | China News Service (CNS) (abbr. for 中國新聞社|中国新闻社[Zhong1guo2 Xin1wen2she4]) | |
| 国大 | Guó Dà | abbr. for 國民大會|国民大会, National Assembly of the Republic of China (extant during various periods between 1913 and 2005) / abbr. for 新加坡國立大學|新加坡国立大学, National University of Singapore (NUS) / abbr. for 印度國民大會黨|印度国民大会党, Indian National Congress (INC) / abbr. for 馬來西亞印度國民大會黨|马来西亚印度国民大会党, Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) | |
| 中时 | Zhōng Shí | China Times (newspaper), abbr. for 中國時報|中国时报[Zhong1 guo2 Shi2 bao4] | |
| 蒙牛 | Měng niú | China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited | |
| 中远 | Zhōng yuǎn | China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO) (abbr. for 中國遠洋運輸|中国远洋运输[Zhong1 guo2 Yuan3 yang2 Yun4 shu1]) | |
| 中国青年报 | Zhōng guó Qīng nián Bào | China Youth Daily, www.cyol.net | |
| 南航 | Nán Háng | China Southern Airlines | |
| 中国农业银行 | Zhōng guó Nóng yè Yín háng | Agricultural Bank of China | |
| 钓鱼岛 | Diào yú Dǎo | Diaoyu Islands, claimed by China but controlled by Japan as the Senkaku Islands, also called the Pinnacle Islands | |
| 中国建设银行 | Zhōng guó Jiàn shè Yín háng | China Construction Bank | |
| 国家主席 | guó jiā zhǔ xí | president (title of the head of state of China and several other nations) | |
| 国航 | Guó Háng | Air China (abbr. for 中國國際航空公司|中国国际航空公司[Zhong1 guo2 Guo2 ji4 Hang2 kong1 Gong1 si1]) | |
| 行政院 | Xíng zhèng yuàn | Executive Yuan, the executive branch of government under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan | |
| 保监会 | Bǎo Jiān huì | China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC), abbr. for 中國保險監督管理委員會|中国保险监督管理委员会[Zhong1 guo2 Bao3 xian3 Jian1 du1 Guan3 li3 Wei3 yuan2 hui4] | |
| 五代 | Wǔ dài | Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China | |
| 少先队 | Shào Xiān duì | Young Pioneers of China, abbr. for 少年先鋒隊|少年先锋队[Shao4 nian2 Xian1 feng1 dui4] | |
| 中银 | Zhōng Yín | Bank of China / abbr. for 中國銀行|中国银行[Zhong1 guo2 Yin2 hang2] | |
| 万年历 | wàn nián lì | perpetual calendar / ten thousand year calendar / Islamic calendar introduced to Yuan China by Jamal al-Din 紮馬剌丁|扎马剌丁 | |
| 都督 | dū dū | (army) commander-in-chief (archaic) / provincial military governor and civil administrator during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD) | |
| 淮河 | Huái Hé | Huai River, main river of east China, between the Yellow River 黃河|黄河[Huang2 He2] and the Changjiang 長江|长江[Chang2 Jiang1] | |
| 会要 | huì yào | dynastic records of imperial China | |
| 中国日报 | Zhōng guó Rì bào | China Daily (an English language newspaper) | |
| 中国音乐 | zhōng guó yīn yuè | music of China | |
| 民族主义 | mín zú zhǔ yì | nationalism / national self-determination / principle of nationalism, the first of Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山|孙中山 / Three Principles of the People 三民主義|三民主义 / (at the time, meaning parity between China and the great powers) / racism | |
| 文联 | Wén lián | abbr. for 中國文學藝術界聯合會|中国文学艺术界联合会, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (CFLAC) | |
| 大乘 | Dà shèng | Mahayana, the Great Vehicle / Buddhism based on the Mayahana sutras, as spread to Central Asia, China and beyond / also pr. [Da4 cheng2] | |
| 蒙古族 | Měng gǔ zú | Mongol ethnic group of north China and Inner Mongolia | |
