| 苦 | kǔ | bitter / hardship / pain / to suffer / to bring suffering to / painstakingly | ![]() |
| 刻意 | kè yì | intentionally / deliberately / purposely / painstakingly / meticulously | ![]() |
| 辛辛苦苦 | xīn xīn kǔ kǔ | painstakingly / with great trouble | ![]() |
| 抽丝剥茧 | chōu sī - bō jiǎn | lit. to unwind the silk thread from the cocoon (idiom) / fig. to unravel a mystery / to painstakingly follow the clues to eventually get to the bottom of the matter | ![]() |
