| 刑事 | xíng shì | criminal / penal |   |
| 发配 | fā pèi | to send away to serve a penal sentence | |
| 苦工 | kǔ gōng | hard labor (in penal code) / coolie | |
| 罚则 | fá zé | penal provision / penalty | |
| 苦役 | kǔ yì | forced labor / corvée / penal servitude | |
| 充发 | chōng fā | to banish to penal servitude | |
| 充车 | chōng chē | to be transported to a distant place for penal servitude / to banish | |
| 谪戍 | zhé shù | in exile as penal servitude | |
| 魔鬼岛 | Mó guǐ Dǎo | Devil's Island in French Guiana, a former penal colony (1852-1953) | |
| 刑罚机构 | xíng fá jī gòu | penal institution | |
| 国际社会学、惩罚和教养研究中心 | | International Centre of Sociological, Penal and Penitentiary Research and Studies | |
| 刑事管理司 | xíng shì guǎn lǐ sī | Penal Management Division | |
| 土着工人违反雇佣契约刑事制裁公约 | | Convention concerning Penal Sanctions for Breaches of Contracts of Employment by Indigenous Workers | |
| 国际刑法协会 | | International Association of Penal Law | |
| 墨西拿国际社会学、惩罚和教养研究中心 | | International Centre for Sociological, Penal and Penitentiary Research and Studies at Messina | |
| 有关毒品的刑事措施国际调查 | | International Survey on Drug-related Penal Measures | |
| 关闭式监所 | | closed penal institution | |
| 霍华德刑法改革联盟 | | Howard League for Penal Reform | |
| 国际军事刑法和战争法学会 | | International Society of Penal Military Law and Law of War | |
| 国际刑法条约 | | Treaty on International Penal Law | |
| 刑法改革国际 | | Penal Reform International | |
| 国际刑罚和感化基金会 | | International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation | |
| 国际刑法大会 | | International Congress of Penal Law | |
| 刑事制裁 | | penal sanction | |
| 刑事管理和培训处 | | Penal Management and Training Service | |
| 刑事管理科 | | Penal Management Section | |
| 国际刑罚和感化委员会 | | International Penal and Penitentiary Commission | |
