功 夫 gōng fu skill / art / kung fu / labor / effort 工 夫 gōng fu period of time (may be months, or mere seconds) / spare time / skill / labor / effort 劳 工 láo gōng labor / laborer 分 娩 fēn miǎn labor / parturition / delivery 劳 力 láo lì labor / able-bodied worker / laborer / work force 活 路 huó lu labor / physical work 工 work / worker / skill / profession / trade / craft / labor 劳 to toil / labor / laborer / to put sb to trouble (of doing sth) / meritorious deed / to console (Taiwan pr. [lao4] for this sense) 劬 labor 働 xx5 (Japanese kokuji) labor / work 働 labor / work (Japanese kokuji) 劳 方 láo fāng labor (as opposed to capital or management) / the workers 以 色 列 工 党 Yǐ sè liè Gōng dǎng Labor (Israel) 劳 动 láo dòng work / toil / physical labor / CL:次[ci4] 人 力 rén lì manpower / labor power 工 会 gōng huì labor union / trade union / CL:個|个[ge4] 劳 动 力 láo dòng lì labor force / manpower 分 工 fēn gōng to divide up the work / division of labor 讨 好 tǎo hǎo to get the desired outcome / to win favor by fawning on sb / to curry favor with / a fruitful outcome to reward one's labor 结 晶 jié jīng to crystallize / crystallization / crystal / crystalline / (fig.) the fruit (of labor etc) 把 头 bǎ tóu labor contractor / gangmaster 劳 动 合 同 láo dòng hé tong labor contract / contract between employer and employees governing wages and conditions 物 力 wù lì physical resources (as opposed to labor resources) 催 生 cuī shēng to pressure a younger relative to hurry up and have a baby / (obstetrics) to induce labor / to expedite childbirth / (fig.) to be a driving force in bringing sth into existence 省 力 shěng lì to save labor / to save effort 劳 作 láo zuò work / manual labor 劳 资 láo zī labor and capital / labor and management 阵 痛 zhèn tòng labor pains / (fig.) distress caused by a disruptive change 劳 动 节 Láo dòng jié International Labor Day (May Day) 早 产 zǎo chǎn premature birth / premature labor 劳 教 láo jiào reeducation through labor 体 力 劳 动 tǐ lì láo dòng physical labor 产 房 chǎn fáng delivery room (in hospital) / labor ward 包 工 头 bāo gōng tóu chief labor contractor 抵 债 dǐ zhài to repay a debt in kind or by labor 工 党 gōng dǎng worker's party / labor party 人 民 团 体 rén mín tuán tǐ people's organization (e.g. labor unions, peasant associations, scholarly associations etc) / mass organization 死 缓 sǐ huǎn deferred death sentence / commuted death sentence with forced labor and judicial review after two years (PRC) (legal) 劳 改 láo gǎi abbr. for 勞動改造|劳动改造[lao2 dong4 gai3 zao4] / reform through labor / laogai (prison camp) 童 工 tóng gōng child labor 脑 力 劳 动 nǎo lì láo dòng mental labor / intellectual work 劳 动 教 养 láo dòng jiào yǎng reeducation through labor 痴 心 妄 想 chī xīn wàng xiǎng to be carried away by one's wishful thinking (idiom) / to labor under a delusion / wishful thinking 人 工 费 rén gōng fèi labor cost 苦 工 kǔ gōng hard labor (in penal code) / coolie 产 期 chǎn qī time of birth / period of labor / lying-in 差 役 chāi yì forced labor of feudal tenant (corvée) / bailiff of feudal yamen 待 产 dài chǎn (of an expectant mother) to be in labor 劳 教 所 láo jiào suǒ correctional institution / labor camp 劳 务 市 场 láo wù shì chǎng labor market 引 产 yǐn chǎn to induce labor (childbirth) 临 盆 lín pén at childbirth / in labor 劳 动 保 险 láo dòng bǎo xiǎn labor insurance 苦 役 kǔ yì forced labor / corvée / penal servitude 劳 役 láo yì forced labor / corvée (labor required of a serf) / animal labor 国 际 劳 动 节 Guó jì Láo dòng Jié May Day / International Labor Day (May 1) 粗 活 cū huó unskilled labor / heavy manual work 误 工 费 wù gōng fèi cost of lost labor 劳 委 会 láo wěi huì labor committee / abbr. for 勞動委員會|劳动委员会 价 值 量 jià zhí liàng magnitude of value / labor value (in economics, the labor inherent in a commodity) 役 使 yì shǐ to put to work (servant or animal) / to make use of for labor 国 际 劳 工 组 织 Guó jì Láo gōng Zǔ zhī International Labor Organization 徭 役 yáo yì forced labor / corvee 卖 力 气 mài lì qi to make a living doing manual labor / to give sth all one's got 五 刑 wǔ xíng imperial five punishments of feudal China, up to Han times: tattooing characters on the forehead 墨[mo4], cutting off the nose 劓[yi4], amputation of one or both feet 刖[yue4], castration 宮|宫[gong1], execution 大辟[da4 pi4] / Han dynasty onwards: whipping 笞[chi1], beating the legs and buttocks with rough thorns 杖[zhang4], forced labor 徒[tu2], exile or banishment 流[liu2], capital punishment 死[si3] 催 产 cuī chǎn to induce labor / to expedite childbirth 散 工 sǎn gōng day labor / piece-time work 苦 活 kǔ huó bitter work / sweated labor 半 脱 产 bàn tuō chǎn partly released from productive labor / partly released from one's regular work 脂 膏 zhī gāo fat / grease / riches / fortune / fruits of one's labor 役 forced labor / corvée / obligatory task / military service / to use as servant / to enserf / servant (old) / war / campaign / battle 繇 folk-song / forced labor 劳 动 改 造 láo dòng gǎi zào reeducation through labor / laogai (prison camp) 奴 工 nú gōng slave labor / slave worker 抵 账 dǐ zhàng to repay a debt in kind or by labor 半 劳 动 力 bàn láo dòng lì one able to do light manual labor only / semi-able-bodied or part time (farm) worker 变 工 biàn gōng to exchange labor / labor exchange (system of sharing workforce resources) 厚 生 劳 动 省 Hòu shēng Láo dòng shěng Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (Japan) 五 七 干 校 wǔ qī gàn xiào May 7 cadre school (farm where urban cadres had to undertake manual labor and study ideology during the Cultural Revolution) (abbr. for 五七幹部學校|五七干部学校[Wu3 Qi1 Gan4 bu4 Xue2 xiao4]) 五 七 干 部 学 校 wǔ qī gàn bù xué xiào May 7 Cadre School (farm where urban cadres had to undertake manual labor and study ideology during the Cultural Revolution) (abbr. to 五七幹校|五七干校[Wu3 Qi1 Gan4 xiao4]) 以 身 抵 债 yǐ shēn dǐ zhài forced labor to repay a debt 做 生 活 zuò shēng huó to work / to do manual labor 催 生 婆 cuī shēng pó midwife who induces labor 劦 variant of 協|协[xie2] / to cooperate / combined labor 劳 动 营 láo dòng yíng labor camp / prison camp with hard labor 劳 改 营 láo gǎi yíng correctional labor camp 劳 资 关 系 láo zī guān xì industrial relations / relations between labor and capital 劳 雇 láo gù labor and employer 劳 雇 关 系 láo gù guān xì relations between labor and employer / industrial relations 强 迫 劳 动 qiǎng pò láo dòng forced labor (as punishment in criminal case) 打 短 儿 dǎ duǎn r casual labor / to work for a bit 生 产 劳 动 shēng chǎn láo dòng productive labor 省 劲 shěng jìn to save labor / to save effort 膏 血 gāo xuè lit. fat and blood / fruit of one's hard labor / flesh and blood 临 蓐 lín rù at childbirth / in labor 诱 导 分 娩 yòu dǎo fēn miǎn to induce labor (i.e. childbirth) / labor induction 顶 包 dǐng bāo to serve as forced labor / to take the rap for sb 黄 金 週 Golden Week / refers to three 7-day holiday periods at New Year 春節|春节, Labor day 勞動節|劳动节, National day 國慶|国庆 / also written 黃金周|黄 黑 砖 窑 hēi zhuān yáo lit. black brick kiln / factories that acquired notoriety in 2007 for slave labor 美 洲 劳 工 部 长 会 议 Inter-American Conference of Ministers of Labor
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