south of Changjiang or Yangtze river / south of the lower reaches of Changjiang / often refers to south Jiangsu, south Anhui and north Zhejiang provinces / a province during Qing times / in literature, refers to the sunny south / Gangnam (district in Seoul, South Korea)
the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949)
to double / to increase by a certain number of times
纽约时报
Niǔ yuē Shí bào
New York Times (newspaper)
蝉联
chán lián
to continue in a post / (to hold a post) several times in succession / (to win a title) in successive years / to stay at number one / to defend a championship
头巾
tóu jīn
cloth head covering worn by men in ancient times / headscarf (typically worn by women) / kerchief / turban
铜钱
tóng qián
copper coin (round with a square hole in the middle, used in former times in China)
bitter work / hard toil / (loanword) coolie, unskilled Chinese laborer in colonial times
鸿沟
hóng gōu
(fig.) gulf / chasm / wide gap / (originally) the Hong Canal in Henan, which in ancient times formed the border between enemies Chu 楚[Chu3] and Han 漢|汉[Han4]
(military) ladder used for scaling the walls of a fortified place (i.e. for escalading) in ancient times / firefighters' extension ladder / stone steps on a mountain
Confucian study of ethics / study of Daoism / school for Daoism in Tang and Song times / Daoist magic / another name for 理學|理学, rational learning of Song dynasty neo-Confucianism
School of Mind / Neo-Confucian Idealistic School (from Song to mid-Qing times, c. 1000-1750, typified by the teachings of Wang Yangming 王陽明|王阳明[Wang2 Yang2 ming2])
列子
Liè zǐ
Lie Zi, Daoist author, said to be early Warring States period 戰國|战国[Zhan4 guo2] / Daoist text in eight chapters, said to be by Lie Zi, probably compiled during WeiJin times 魏晉|魏晋[Wei4 Jin4] (3rd century AD)
leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) / sculpted stone tiger installed at the tomb of revered figures in ancient times to ward off evil spirits
浊世
zhuó shì
the world in chaos / troubled times / the mortal world (Buddhism)
大纪元
Dà Jì yuán
Epoch Times, US newspaper
百闻不如一见
bǎi wén bù rú yī jiàn
seeing once is better than hearing a hundred times (idiom) / seeing for oneself is better than hearing from many others / seeing is believing
书经
Shū jīng
the Book of History, one of the Five Classics of Confucianism 五經|五经[Wu3 jing1], a compendium of documents which make up the oldest extant texts of Chinese history, from legendary times down to the time of Confucius, also known as 尚書經|尚书经[Shang4 shu1 jing1], 尚書|尚书[Shang4 shu1], 書|书[Shu1]
(bound form) foreign (non-Chinese) / barbarian / classifier for processes or actions that take time and effort / (classifier) a kind / a sort / (classifier) (used after the verb 翻[fan1] to indicate how many times a quantity doubles, as in 翻一番[fan1 yi1 fan1] "to double")
stick-like implement inserted into the handles of a tripod cauldron in ancient times in order to lift the cauldron / commonly used in Korean names, transcribed as "hyun"